Each type of mineral offers different benefits for your health and supports your body to function optimally. Working together, it’s essential to understand the role of each type of mineral, the signs of deficiency, and how to boost your levels. Our guide to minerals walks you through the essential information you need to know.
Table of Contents:
- The Importance of Minerals for Health
- Macrominerals vs Trace Minerals
- 13 Types of Minerals
- Magnesium
- Iron
- Zinc
- Selenium
- Calcium
- Iodine
- Phosphorous
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Sulphur
- Manganese
- Copper
- Fluoride
- BetterYou’s Types of Minerals
The Importance of Minerals for Health
Minerals are a vital component in keeping our bodies running healthily. They contribute to strong bones, energy levels, as well as heart and muscle health. When we suffer from mineral deficiencies we can suffer from weak bones, tiredness, and are at higher risk of illness and disease.
Macrominerals vs Trace Minerals
There are two types of minerals that each individual element falls into: macrominerals or trace minerals. The two types refer to the amount of each mineral we need to support our health.
Macrominerals
Macrominerals are those that are needed by our bodies in large amounts. The macro types of minerals are:
- Magnesium
- Calcium
- Phosphorus
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Chlorine
- Sulphur
Trace Minerals
Trace minerals are required in smaller amounts by our bodies. The trace minerals are:
- Iron
- Zinc
- Selenium
- Manganese
- Copper
- Iodine
- Fluoride
13 Types of Minerals
In total there are 13 types of minerals that we need to aid the healthy function of our muscles, nervous system, and immune system.
Magnesium
Magnesium is a type of mineral that comes in at least 11 forms, including magnesium chloride and magnesium sulphate (otherwise known as epsom salts).
Benefits of Magnesium
Transdermal magnesium’s primary benefit is how it contributes to muscle function, helping muscles to relax after contracting. Here are the top benefits of magnesium:
- Help with sleep
- Boosts energy levels
- Promotes exercise recovery
- Maintains heart health
- Improves mood
Magnesium Deficiency
If your magnesium dosage is not high enough, you may suffer from signs that you are lacking in this type of mineral. The magnesium deficiency signs you should look out for include:
- Trouble sleeping
- Fatigue
- Heart palpitations
Sources of Magnesium
Magnesium can be sourced from food and drink, however to ward off deficiencies using magnesium supplements, such as topical magnesium, is a great way to boost your levels. Here are some of the best source of this type of mineral:
- Bath flakes
- Magnesium lotions
- Magnesium oils
- Nuts
- Legumes
- Fatty fish
- Brown rice
Iron
Iron is vital in the process of moving oxygen around the body via red blood cells, having optimal iron levels is important for our muscles and energy.
Benefits of Iron
Boasting a wide range of roles in the body, from energy levels to immune support. The primary benefits of iron include:
- Normal oxygen transportation
- Reduces fatigue
- Maintains stamina
- Supports focus
- Reduces bruising
- Improves muscle endurance
- Supports immune system
Iron Deficiency
Iron deficiency, also known as anaemia, is one of the most common types of mineral deficiencies. Anaemia has many negative effects on the body and your health, signs to look out for include:
- Tiredness/Lack of energy
- Pale skin
- Shortness of breath
- Noticeable heartbeat
- Craving non-food items
Sources of Iron
Vegetarians and vegans are two of the most likely groups to suffer from low iron, due to their meatless diets. Whilst this type of mineral can be found in other food sources those worried about anaemia can take a food supplement. Top sources of iron:
- Iron Supplements
- Dark-green leafy vegetables
- Cereals and fortified bread
- Red meat
- Dried fruit e.g. apricots and raisins
- Pulses e.g. beans, peas, and lentils
Zinc
Zinc is a type of mineral that the body cannot make by itself, meaning we must intake required levels to experience its benefits.
Benefits of Zinc
Zinc plays an essential role in how our bodies grow, as well as being a type of mineral that supports the immune system, helping our bodies fight against viruses. The benefits of zinc include:
- Supports immune system
- Aids wound healing
- Supports enzyme reactions in the body
- Helps growth and development
- A Natural anti-inflammatory
Zinc Deficiency
When your levels of this type of mineral are too low you may suffer from a zinc deficiency. If you think you’re not reaching the sufficient levels, these are the signs to look out for:
- Mental tiredness
- Wounds that don’t heal
- Hair loss
- Lack of taste or smell
- Weight loss & loss of appetite
- Diarrhoea
Sources of Zinc
As the body can’t make zinc for itself, it requires regular intake to reach the recommended levels for each day. You can find this type of mineral in the following foods:
- Zinc Supplements
- Fortified cereals
- Whole grains
- Milk and dairy products
- Red meat and poultry
- Beans
- Nuts
Selenium
Selenium is a trace type of mineral, meaning our bodies only need small amounts. As a non-reactive metal, selenium can be found in soil, water, and foods.
Benefits of Selenium
Vital to your body’s natural function, selenium boasts a number of key benefits. The benefits for this type of mineral include:
- Supports the immune system
- Helps turn food into energy
- Maintains normal hair and nails
- Protects cells against oxidative stress
- Reduces inflammation
Selenium Deficiency
Selenium deficiency affects between 500 million and 1 billion people worldwide. Spotting the signs can help you to boost your levels and experience the benefits of this type of mineral:
- Fatigue
- Weak immune system
- Infertility in both men and women
- Weak muscles
- Hair loss
- Mental fog
Sources of Selenium
Understanding the main sources of selenium can help you adjust your diet and supplements to ensure you maintain optimum levels of this type of mineral.
- Selenium Supplements
- Brazil nuts
- Fish and seafood
- Meats
- Cereals and other grains
- Dairy products
- Eggs
Calcium
Calcium is well-known for its importance for strong bones, with 99% of this type of mineral in the body being stored in the bones and teeth.
Benefits of Calcium
As well as supporting children’s growing bones, this type of mineral also helps to maintain bone density as we age - which is why it’s especially important in menopause supplements. Bone health is not the only benefit of calcium:
- Support bone health
- Aids muscle contraction
- Support blood clotting
- Aids healthy blood pressure
Calcium Deficiency
Those suffering from a calcium deficiency may find they experience the following symptoms:
- Muscle spasms
- Numbness in hands or feet
- Fatigue
- Abnormal heartbeat
- Weak bones
- Dry skin
Sources of Calcium
The most well-known source of calcium is dairy, but those suffering from low levels can find many other sources for this vital type of mineral:
- Bone Supplements
- BetterYou’s Magnesium + Calcium Lotion
- Dairy milks and fortified plant-based milk
- Cheese
- Yoghurt
- Edamame
- Salmon
- Almonds
Iodine
Iodine is especially important as a pregnancy supplement to support healthy brain development of your baby.
Benefits of Iodine
The primary health benefits of this type of mineral include:
- Promotes thyroid health
- Supports neurodevelopment in pregnancy
- Improves cognitive function
Iodine Deficiency
It’s believed that up to ⅓ of people worldwide suffer from iodine deficiency. These are the top signs of low levels of this type of mineral to look out for:
- Neck swelling
- Weight gain
- Fatigue
- Hair loss
- Feeling cold
- Dry skin
Sources of Iodine
Iodine has a very small number of good sources, which is why many turn to vitamins to ensure their levels are high enough.
- Multivitamins
- Seaweed
- Cod
- Yoghurt
- Iodized salt
- Eggs
- Shrimp and tuna
Phosphorous
Phosphorus levels in the body are maintained by vitamin D, which helps the intestines and kidneys to absorb this type of mineral.
Benefits of Phosphorus
Phosphorus plays an important role in many of the body’s systems, with key benefits for this type of mineral including:
- Supports strong bones and teeth
- Helps muscles contract
- Aids muscle recovery
- Filters waste from kidneys
- Promotes healthy nervous system
- Supports energy in the body
Phosphorous Deficiency
If you’re concerned that you may have a phosphorous deficiency, keep a lookout for these signs:
- Irritability
- Increased levels of anxiety
- Tiredness
- Irregular breathing
- Stiffness in the joints
- Changes to weight
Sources of Phosphorus
Phosphorus can be acquired through a healthy and balanced diet. Foods that contain this type of mineral include:
- Meats and fish
- Milk and dairy
- Beans e.g. kidney, pinto, and soy
- Grains
- Nuts and seeds
Sodium
Sodium is a well known type of mineral, with the most common form being sodium chloride - also known as salt. It is an essential part of many of the systems in our bodies. As a macromineral we need larger amounts of sodium than other types of minerals.
Benefits of Sodium
Sodium can be taken as a sports supplement due to its vital role in muscle function. The primary benefits of this mineral type include:
- Contributes to healthy nerve impulses
- Helps muscles contract and relax
- Maintains balance between water and minerals
Sodium Deficiency
Sodium deficiency, also known as hyponatremia, can cause many dangerous symptoms. These are the signs of low sodium to look out for:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headaches
- Drowsiness
- Muscle weakness or spasms
- Confusion
Ensuring optimum levels of this type of mineral is essential to avoid these symptoms, however too much sodium can also have a detrimental effect on the body. You could experience high blood pressure, swelling, increased urination, and thirst.
Sources of Sodium
Increasing your levels of sodium can be done easily with many common foods containing this type of mineral:
- Cold cuts or cured meats e.g. bacon or sardines
- Salted nuts
- Cheese
- Eggs
- Bread
Potassium
Potassium is both a type of mineral and an electrolyte. As an electrolyte it can conduct electricity which is vital for many processes in the body. Potassium is also the third most abundant mineral in the body.
Benefits of Potassium
As one of the most important types of mineral in the body potassium has lots of benefits, including:
- Regulating fluid balance in the body
- Aiding muscle contraction
- Supporting nerve signals
- Reducing blood pressure
Potassium Deficiency
Potassium deficiency usually occurs from poor diet, diarrhoea or vomiting. The signs you could be suffering from low potassium include:
- Constipation
- Weak muscles
- Fatigue
- High blood pressure
Sources of Potassium
The most well known source of potassium is bananas, but you can find this vital type of mineral in many other food sources:
- Dried fruits e.g. apricots
- Beans
- Green vegetables e.g. broccoli and spinach
- Avocado
- Dairy and plant milks
- Chicken and salmon
Sulphur
Sulphur is present in all living tissues and plays a key role in protecting our cells from damage.
Benefits of Sulphur
As a macromineral sulphur has lots of benefits for the body, and is often taken as a skin supplement, including:
- Builds and fixes DNA
- Helps metabolise food
- Supports healthy skin
Sulphur Deficiency
If you have low levels of this type of mineral, you could see the following symptoms:
- Acne
- Brittle hair and nails
- Itchy skin or scalp
- Headaches
- Rashes
- Slow wound healing
Sources of Sulphur
There are lots of easy ways to introduce more sulphur into your diet. Whether you’re following a meat-based or plant-based diet, these are the foods you should consume:
- White and red meat
- Fish
- Nuts, seeds, and grains
- Chickpeas, lentils, and oats
- Leafy green vegetables
Manganese
Manganese is a trace type of mineral that has antioxidant properties that can help reduce the risk of disease.
Benefits of Manganese
With the optimum levels of manganese you could see the following benefits:
- Reduce inflammation
- Supports bone health
- Reduces blood sugar
- Aids wound healing
Manganese Deficiency
If you are concerned you may suffer from a manganese deficiency, keep an eye out for these symptoms:
- Poor bone strength
- Impaired fertility
- Abnormal metabolism
Those struggling with fertility problems could benefit from conception supplements that include all the types of vitamins and minerals needed to support fertility.
Sources of Manganese
Manganese can be found in numerous foods, including:
- Legumes
- Nuts
- Muscles and oysters
- Whole grains
- Leafy vegetables
- Coffee and tea
Copper
Copper plays an important role as an energy supplement, as well as being a vital mineral type to the connective tissues and blood vessels.
Benefits of Copper
With the ideal levels of copper you could expect to see these benefits:
- Helps form red blood cells
- Maintains healthy bones, blood vessels, and nerves
- Supports the immune system
- Can help prevent cardiovascular disease
Copper Deficiency
If your body doesn’t have enough copper, the following signs of deficiency may occur:
- Low body temperature
- Anaemia
- Weak bones
- Irregular heartbeat
- Pale skin
Sources of Copper
As an essential type of mineral for your health it’s important to know the sources of copper. The following foods can help you reach optimum levels of this mineral:
- Oysters, crab, and lobster
- Fish
- Seeds and nuts
- Beans
- Green leafy vegetables
- Dark chocolate
Fluoride
Fluoride is most well known for its ability to prevent tooth decay and its common presence in toothpaste and mouthwashes.
Benefits of Fluoride
The primary benefits of fluoride all centre around oral health:
- Rebuilds weak tooth enamel
- Slows down mineral loss from enamel
- Can reverse early signs of tooth decay
- Prevents growth of harmful bacteria in the mouth
Fluoride Deficiency
The two main signs of fluoride deficiency are:
- Tooth cavities
- Weak bones
When focusing on tooth and mouth health, opting for taking your different types of minerals and vitamins as oral sprays can be a tooth-friendly option!
Sources of Fluoride
To increase the levels of fluoride in your body, including the following products and foods into your healthy lifestyle could help:
- Dental products e.g. toothpaste and mouthwash
- Tea
- Spinach
- Grapes and raisins
- Potatoes
BetterYou’s Award Winning Types of Minerals
Our supplements contain a range of different types of minerals including zinc, iron, selenium, and magnesium. All of these minerals are essential at every stage of life, which is why our collection caters for children’s vitamins, as well as women’s health supplements, and men’s health supplements.
